Macam-Macam Teks Dalam Bahasa Inggris

1.DESCRIPTIVE

Teks Descriptive adalah teks yang menggambarkan seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu sehingga pembaca dapat membayangkan seolah-olah yang diceritakan itu benar-benar nyata.

Tujuan Komunikatif :

memberikan informasi mengenai ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tertentu.

Struktur Teks:

* Identification / Pengenalan: ciri-ciri seseorang, suatu benda atau tempat tertentu yang akan dideskripsikan.

* Description / Deskripsi: menggambarkan ciri-ciri seseorang, benda atau tempat tersebut, misalnya bentuk, ukuran, warna, asal, kegemaran dan ciri khusus lainnya.

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur is Hindu – Budhist temple. It was build in the nineth century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.

Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 m high and consist of eight step like stone terrace. The first five terrace are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Budist sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are circular. 

Each of them is with a circle of bell shape-stupa. The entire adifice is crowned by a large stupa at the centre at the centre of the top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of passage and starways. The design of borobudur which symbolizes the structure of universe influences temples at Angkor, Cambodia.

Borobudur temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable treasure for Indonesian people.

Aloe Vera

Aloe vera is also known as the "crocodille's tongue" plant in Indonesia. it is called so because the leave thick, long and sharp, and the sides are serrated like the body of a crocodile. Aloe vera is planted in dry areas and in warm climates. It takes little water to grow.

Aloe vera is short-stemmed succulent plant growing to 60-100 cm tall. Spreading by offsets, the stems are thick and fleshy, green to grey-gren, with some varieties showing white flecks on the upper and lower stem surfaces.

Aloe vera is a multifunctional plant. It can be used to cure a wound caused by burning. Using aloe vera to heal the wound is easy and simple Pick leaves, peel the rind, then squeeze the sticky luquid and diabetes because it contains vitamins and minerals. Generally, the drink helps to repair the damaged cells and makes the organs of the human body work well. Aloe vera can also make our hair thick, too. Apply it over the scalp and massage it gently so it could soak thoroughly. Ten minutes later, rinse the hair.

 

2.NARRATIVE

Teks Narative adalah teks yang bercerita mengikuti alur waktu.

Tujuan Komunikatif : Menghibur pendengar atau pembaca dengan pengalaman nyata atau khayal.

Ciri naratif adalah adanya unsur konflik (masalah) dan resolusi (penyelesaian masalah).

Struktur Teks:

* Pengenalan latar: tokoh, waktu, dan tempat.

* Pengembangan konflik.

* Penyelesaian konflik.

* Koda: perubahan yang terjadi pada tokoh atau pelajaran yang dapat dipetik dari cerita.

Contoh Narrative Text

1. Once, there was a king of mice. He lived inside a banyan tree in a forest. He loved the tree as his home. He lived there happily.

 One day, a poor man wanted to cut down the banyan tree. The king of the mice was frightened so he asked the woodcutter to leave the tree standing. In result, he would give the woodcutter a gold every day. The woodcutter agreed.

Every evening, the king of the mice gave a piece of gold to the woodcutter. The gold was taken out from the roots of the banyan tree. The woodcutter was happy and took the gold home.

After a few days, the woodcutter's wife asked him, “Where does the gold come from?” So he replied, “The king of the mice gives me the golds from under the roots of the tree.” “Oh, you are stupid!” his wife said and suggested. “Why don’t you cut down the tree and take the golds all away?” The woodcutter would do as his wife said.

The following day, the woodcutter cut down the banyan tree. Unfortunately, he did not find any gold there instead the king of the mice had run away and crept up to the woodcutter’s house. The king of the mice took back all the golds.

                                                                   

2.                                                            The Smartest Bird

Once upon time, a man had a wonderful parrot. There was no other parrot like it. The parrot could say every word, except one word. The parrot would not say the name of the place where it was born. The name of the place was Catano.

The man felt excited having the smartest parrot but he could not understand why the parrot would not say Catano. The man tried to teach the bird to say Catano however the bird kept not saying the word.

At the first, the man was very nice to the bird but then he got very angry. “You stupid bird!” pointed the man to the parrot. “Why can’t you say the word? Say Catano! Or I will kill you” the man said angrily. Although he tried hard to teach, the parrot would not say it. Then the man got so angry and shouted to the bird over and over; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”. The bird kept not to say the word of Catano.

One day, after he had been trying so many times to make the bird say Catano, the man really got very angry. He could not bear it. He picked the parrot and threw it into the chicken house. There were four old chickens for next dinner “You are as stupid as the chickens. Just stay with them” Said the man angrily. Then he continued to humble; “You know, I will cut the chicken for my meal. Next it will be your turn, I will eat you too, stupid parrot”. After that he left the chicken house.

The next day, the man came back to the chicken house. He opened the door and was very surprised. He could not believe what he saw at the chicken house. There were three death chickens on the floor. At the moment, the parrot was standing proudly and screaming at the last old chicken; “Say Catano or I’ll kill you”.

3.PROCEDURE

Teks Prosedure adalah teks yang menjelaskan dengan jelas cara membuat atau melakukan sesuatu.

Tujuan komunikatif :

Memberi petunjuk cara melakukan sesuatu melalui serangkaian tindakan atau langkah.

Struktur Teks: Goal/Aim/Tujuan – Materials/Tools/Bahan/Alat – Steps/Methods/Langkah

How to Make a Mango Juice

Materials

• a piece of mango
• a half glass of water
• a glass of ice pack
• a spoon of sugar

Procedures:

1. First, peel the mango and clean it
2. Next, cut the mango into pieces and put them into the juicer
3. Then, put the water, ice and sugar
4. After that turn on the juice and wait about 15 seconds
5. Finally, pour the mango juice into the glass and ready to drink

How to make ice tea

Materials needed:

·         Water

·         Dye-Tea

·         Sugar

·         Ice cube

Procedure to make ice tea

1.      Boil water.

2.      Put the boiling water into a glass.

3.      Dip a dye tea into the glass.

4.      Put a spoonful of sugar into the glass.

5.      Mix well.

6.       Put 3 small ice cubes into the glass.

4. RECOUNT

Teks Recount adalah teks yang menceritakan kembali kejadian yang telah terjadi berurutan dengan menggunakan keterangan waktu yang jelas pada masa lampau  

Tujuan komunikatif:

Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatan dengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur.

Struktur teks :

* Orientation : Pendahuluan yaitu memberikan informasi orang atau benda yang melakukan atau yang terlibat di dalamnya, serta waktu, tempat, situasi, dan lain-lain;

*  Event 1, Even 2… : Rangkaian peristiwa yang terjadi, yang biasanya disampaikan secara urut.

* Re-orientation : Kesimpulan dari rangkaian peristiwa yang terjadi. Reorientation tidak selalu ada pada teks recount.

Contoh Recout Text

                                                                                 MY UNFORTUNATES
 

Last weekend was my luckiest day ever. Many good things were coming toward me.
 

When the morning broke in Sunday morning, I woke up and planned to jog around the neighborhood. So I changed my clothes and went to the bathroom to wash my sleepy face. As I stepped in the bathroom, I landed my foot on a soap in the floor and feel down. A perfect morning hi for me. Next, I began my jogging and saw my gorgeous neighbor, jogging to. I though it was a good fortune to omit the gap between us. So I jogged to him and say hello. But, how poor of me, it was not him. It just someone I never met before who looked like to him. I was going home with people laugh at me along side of the street.
 

When I got home, the breakfast already settled and I immediately spooned a big portion of rice and ate. After I have done my breakfast my mother came up and said that the meal have not ready yet and she said that I may have a stomachache if I ate it. It was proven, I had a stomachache for the next three days.
 

I past my weekend lie down on me bed and be served as a queen. That was not really bad, wasn't it.

                                                                                     MY BUSY HOLIDAY
 

On April 16th, 2010, I thought this would be a great holiday for me because that was the holy day for Hindhu people . I was so tired about the study, so I guessed this time I could get full refresh anyway. However, the fact said the other way.
 

First like an ordinary daughter, I had to get up early morning helping my mother, of course after I prayed. Then I did my chores, cleaned up my room, and spread out my bed under the sun ray. I was really in danger if my mom knew that my room was messy. So, I made it as soon as possible. Second, my aunts called me in the afternoon. I did not meet them for a long time, that was the way I kept for hours to talk with them. After that, unpredictable my neighbor visited me. She asked my help finishing her homework. At last, the time was running and I just remembered that I had a lot of homework. I got mad, confused and regretful why I did not check my homework before. Therefore, I did my homework until 2:00 a.m. the next morning.

I did not feel this was holiday instead of I had to work hard and got a long ship with my homework.
 

5.REPORT

Teks Report memiliki kemiripan dengan teks deskriptif, teks report memberikan gambaran umum tentang sesuatu tidak mendetail seperti pada teks Deskriptif.

Tujuan Komunikatif: Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan sistematis atau analisis.

Stuktur Teks :

* General Classification : (klasifikasi umum, yaitu menggolongkan atau menentukan secara umum termasuk kepada golongan mana.

* Description : yaitu uraian deskripsi atau gambarannya bagia-bagian yang umum ada padanya, derajatnya, dam sifat-sifatnya. Biasanya berupa uraian umum.
The Example:
                                                                  Girrafe
The giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest livingterrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. Its specific name refers to its camel-like face and patches of color on a light background, which bear a vague resemblance to a leopard's spots. The giraffe is also noted for its extremely long neck and legs and prominent horns. It stands 5–6 m (16–20 ft) tall and has an average weight of 1,200 kg (2,600 lb) for males and 830 kg (1,800 lb) for females. It is classified under the family Giraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi. There are nine subspecies, which differ in size, coloration, pattern, and range.

The giraffe's scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south and fromNiger in the west to Somalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannas, grasslands, and openwoodlands. They prefer areas with plenty of acacia trees, which are important food sources, and can browse at heights that most other herbivores cannot reach. While adults are nearly invulnerable to predation, lions, leopards, spotted hyenas and wild dogs prey on calves. Giraffes commonly gather in aggregations that usually disband every few hours. Males establish social hierarchies through "neckings", which are combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, who bear the sole responsibility for raising the young.

The giraffe has intrigued various cultures, both ancient and modern, for its peculiar appearance, and has often been featured in paintings, novels and cartoons. It is classified by the IUCN as Least Concern, but has been extirpated from many parts of its former range, and some subspecies are classified as Endangered. Nevertheless, giraffes are found in numerous game reserves.

Reference:

http://ekagurunesama.blogspot.com/2012/01/jenis-teks-dalam-bahasa-inggris.html
http://www.englishdirection.com/2012/05/contoh-example-of-narrative-text-king.html

http://bos-sulap.blogspot.com/2011/03/example-of-descriptive-text-borobudur.html
http://cheatssoul.blogspot.com/2012/01/contoh-text-procedure-how-to-make-mango.html
http://cheatssoul.blogspot.com/2012/02/contoh-text-deskriptive-aloe-vera.html
http://cheatssoul.blogspot.com/2012/02/contoh-text-report-giraffe.html
http://englishjuniorhighschool.blogspot.com/2012/05/how-to-make-ice-tea-materials-needed.html
http://www.englishindo.com/2012/01/9-contoh-recount-text-pilihan.html